Memorial of the Sokolski Family

1898 — 2024 · Two destinies, a European history

Choose a protagonist, then move from stage to stage: the map locates each place, and the right-hand column reveals its story, illustrated by photographs and archives. The three journeys converge in Nice, where they are rebuilt.

The routes are schematic (lines linking known stages), not the actual deportation itineraries.

The story, in seven acts

Drawing on hundreds of archival documents, this memorial reconstructs two parallel destinies that set out from Warsaw — that of Adolphe Sokolski and that of Tauba Izraelska — and that come together after the war to give birth to Claude.

I · Warsaw, two parallel destinies (1898–1921)

In Warsaw, in the Mostowski district, live the Izraelski and the Sokolski families. Zelik Izraelski, a merchant, and Chana Kulik raise Tauba (born 1904) and her siblings. Nearby, Morzek Jankel Sokolski and Chaja Tauba Blajszt raise Abraham, born 17 January 1898, one of a large family scattered as far as Melbourne and Paris.

II · Exile to France (1916–1936)

At eighteen, Abraham was interned as a civilian prisoner in Stettin (1916-1918). After returning to Warsaw and a Belgian stopover in Charleroi, he reached Lille in 1923, became Adolphe and joined the Couzineau company. Tauba arrived in Lille in 1926 — a visa for Brazil in hand, but she would stay.

III · The fight to exist (1924–1939)

The France of human rights nonetheless kept them at arm's length: residence refusals, expulsions. Tauba fought for ten years, supported by Deputy Jean Montigny; Adolphe applied for naturalisation for thirteen years. In 1936 Adolphe married Sosia Gruszka; Jacqueline, Arlette and Francine were born. On 2 September 1939 Adolphe volunteered for the French army.

IV · The horror (1941–1945)

Arrested a first time in 1941, Adolphe was rounded up with his whole family in Douai on 11 September 1942. At Auschwitz, Sosia and their three daughters were gassed on arrival; Adolphe survived (number 64095), passed through a labour detail in Warsaw, then Dachau and Mühldorf. Tauba and Bernard Kurower, arrested in Cahors in 1944, were deported to Auschwitz, where Bernard died. Tauba survived Bergen-Belsen, liberated on 15 April 1945.

V · The miracle (1945–1967)

Two survivors who had lost everything recognised one another and married. From their union Claude was born, in Lille, on 7 February 1954. “On the day I was born, my father took the photograph of his three daughters out of his wallet and replaced it with mine.” Adolphe died in 1967; Claude was declared a Ward of the Nation.

VI · The child after (1954–2012)

Claude grew up in the shadow of three little girls he never knew. A journalist, he became a keeper of memory: testimonies, schools, ceremonies in Douai, work with the historian Monique Heddebaut. In 2012 the Presidency of the Republic replied to him.

VII · Transmission (2024)

On 4 December 2024 the Republic recognised Thérèse “Died for France”, at the end of Claude's long campaign. It was he, then his son Sylvain, who brought the inquiry to completion. From Warsaw in 1898 to today, the line has not been broken.

The people

Tauba “Thérèse” Sokolski
née Izraelska, widow Kurower · 1904, Warsaw — 14 July 1985
A milliner who reached Lille in 1926. Survivor of Bergen-Belsen. Recognised “Died for France” on 4 December 2024.
Survivor
Abraham “Adolphe” Sokolski
17 January 1898, Warsaw — 2 April 1967, Menton
Workshop foreman at the Couzineau works, army volunteer in 1939. Deported twice: Stettin (1916), then Auschwitz and Dachau (number 64095).
Survivor
Boruch “Bernard” Kurower
29 May 1899, Warsaw — 25 May 1944, Auschwitz
Hosiery merchant in Lille, linked to the Resistance. Arrested in Cahors in 1944, deported with Tauba.
Died at Auschwitz
Sosia Sokolski, née Gruszka
17 May 1918, Siedlce — 17 September 1942, Auschwitz
Adolphe's second wife, mother of Jacqueline, Arlette and Francine. Gassed on arrival at Auschwitz with her daughters, aged 24.
Murdered
Jacqueline, Arlette & Francine
6 · 4 · 2 years old — Auschwitz, 17 September 1942
Adolphe and Sosia's three daughters, gassed on arrival. No grave. The heart of this memorial.
Murdered children
Claude Sokolski
7 February 1954, Lille — Ward of the Nation
Son of Thérèse and Adolphe. Journalist and keeper of memory, the origin of this memorial.
Ward of the Nation
The scattered siblings
Boruch · Mordche · Ruchla · Isaac · Ménachem…
From both families, brothers and sisters left for Paris, Melbourne, America. Tauba, bound for Brazil, stopped in France.
The diaspora
Sylvain & Sarah Sokolski
today's generation
Claude's children. Sylvain bears Adolphe's name; Sarah bears those of Jacqueline, Arlette and Francine — so the lost girls keep being named.
Transmission

Timeline

Origins & exile
17 January 1898Abraham Sokolski born in Warsaw.
1904Tauba Izraelska born in Warsaw (certificate no. 1093).
1916 – 1918Abraham, 18, interned as a civilian prisoner in Stettin.
10 April 1923Adolphe reaches Lille, joins the Couzineau works.
27 April 1926Tauba Izraelska arrives in Lille.
Between the wars
19 November 1927Civil marriage of Bernard Kurower and Tauba in Paris.
29 June 1936Marriage of Adolphe Sokolski and Sosia Gruszka in Lille.
1936 – 1939Births of Jacqueline (1936), Arlette (1938) and Francine (1939).
2 September 1939Adolphe volunteers for the French army.
The war
June 1941Adolphe's first captivity: interned nine months in Belgium.
11 September 1942Douai round-up. Adolphe, Sosia and their three daughters arrested (Convoy X).
17 September 1942Arrival at Auschwitz. Sosia and the three girls gassed. Adolphe: number 64095.
March – 20 May 1944Tauba and Bernard arrested in Cahors, deported. Bernard dies at Auschwitz on 25 May.
6 August 1944Adolphe transferred to Dachau, then Mühldorf.
15 April 1945Liberation of Bergen-Belsen. Thérèse survives.
After the war & memory
1947Tauba, then Adolphe, naturalised French.
7 February 1954Claude Sokolski born in Lille.
2 April 1967Adolphe dies in Menton. Claude is 13.
3 November 1967Claude declared a Ward of the Nation (Nice Court).
14 July 1985Thérèse Sokolski dies.
4 December 2024Thérèse recognised “Died for France”.

The archive

More than 290 documents — civil records, naturalisation and expulsion files, camp records, deportee cards, correspondence and photographs — browsable and filterable by person and theme, for remembrance and study.

In memoriam

In memory of the family members murdered in the Shoah. May their memory be a blessing.

Sosia Sokolski
née Gruszka, 1918 — Auschwitz, 17 September 1942
Jacqueline Sokolski
6 years old — Auschwitz, 17 September 1942
Arlette Sokolski
4 years old — Auschwitz, 17 September 1942
Francine Sokolski
2 years old — Auschwitz, 17 September 1942

Boruch “Bernard” Kurower
1899 — Auschwitz, 25 May 1944
“She told me that on the day I was born, my father took the photograph of his three daughters out of his wallet and replaced it with mine.”
— Claude Sokolski

Sources & archives

This memorial is the fruit of long and methodical archival research, carried out by Claude Sokolski with the historian Monique Heddebaut, and completed by Sylvain Sokolski.

Content based on the “Memorial of the Sokolski Family” (1898–2024). A work of remembrance still in progress.

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